Dasatinib is a cancer drug. Dasatinib is an oral Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (inhibits the "Philadelphia chromosome") and Src family tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for first line use in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). It is being evaluated for use in numerous other cancers, including advanced prostate cancer.
Dasatinib is more effective than imatinib in inhibiting the proliferation of Ba/F3 cells expressing wild-type Bcr-Abl and Bcr-Abl mutants, with the exception of T315I. Dasatinib has a two-log (∼325-fold) increased potency relative to imatinib. Dasatinib potently inhibits wild-type Abl kinase and all mutants except T315I over a narrow range. Dasatinib directly targets wild-type and mutant Abl kinase domains and inhibits autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner. Dasatinib displays 325-fold greater potency compared with imatinib against cells expressing wild-type Bcr-Abl. The percent of colonies of TgE bone marrow cells are decreased from 100% in untreated wells to 4.12% in Dasatinib treated wells. In the presence of Dasatinib, the difference in the percentage of colonies formed by WT and TgE bone marrow cells is statistically significant. Expression of LMP2A is able to promote B lymphocyte survival and proliferation, which can be inhibited by targeting Lyn and/or c-Abl kinases through Dasatinib. Dasatinib treatment inhibits Src signaling, decreases growth, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a subset of thyroid cancer cells. Treatment with increasing doses of Dasatinib (0.019 μM to 1.25 μM) for 3 days inhibits the growth of the C643, TPC1, BCPAP, and SW1736 cell lines by about 50% at low nanomolar concentrations, while higher concentrations are required to inhibit the growth of the K1 cell line. Treatment with 10 nM or 50 nM Dasatinib results in a 9-22% increase of cells in the G1 population among BCPAP and SW1736 and K1 cells, and a corresponding 7-18% decrease in the percentage of cells in the S phase.
